Gyratory crusher



United States Patent O 3,190,569 GYRATORY CRUSHER Henry H. Polzin, Brookfield, Wis., assigner to AllislChalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. Filed May 24, 1963, Ser. No. 282,951 4 Claims. (Cl. 241-211) This invention relates to gyratory Crushers and more specifically to gyratory Crushers embodying means to prevent darnage to the crusher due to abnormal conditions of operation.

It has been found, especially in primary gyratory crushers, that if a peculiarly shaped stone is in the crushing chamber the gyratory crushing action may force the head or inner crushing member to rise rather than crush the stone. This appears to be due to the angle of contact of the stone with relation to the crushing head and the outer crushing member, this angle being such that the stone does not slip on the crushing surfaces. If the stone does not slip and the crushing resistance of the stone is greater than the force needed to lift the head, the head will be forced upward. This instance is given merely by way of example and not by way of limitation.- After the crusher head has risen, it and the shaft on which it is mounted drop with the lower end of the shaft striking its bearing with great force. Such forceful dropping of the head may cause considerable damage to the shaft bearings and to the crusher in general.

It is, therefore, a general object of the subject invention to provide a means to prevent the shock caused by jumping of the crusher head under certain conditions of operation.

A more specific object of the subject invention is to provide a gyratory crusher with a shock absorbing element which prevents jumping of the crusher head due to the heads contacting peculiarly shaped stones in the crushing chamber.

These and other objects of the subject invention will become more fully apparent as the following description is read in light of the attached drawing, wherein:

FIG. l is a partial cross sectional view of a gyratory crusher; and

FIG. 2 is a cross section taken along the lines II-II of FIG. 1.

A gyratory crusher includes a pair of relatively movable inner and outer crushing members 6 and 7, respectively, disposed in predetermined spaced cooperating crushing relationship to form an annular crushing chamber 8 therebetween. The inner member 6 is rigidly connected to a main shaft 9 in any conventional manner, such as by threads 11, for rotation therewith. A rotary eccentric (not shown) cooperating with the lower end of the main shaft 9 produces gyration of the inner member 6 relative to the outer member '7 to effect the crushing action.

The upper end of the main shaft 9 is fulcrumed in spider arms 12 which are supported by the crusher housing. The fulcrum effect of the upper end of the main shaft 9 may be effected in any conventional manner and is herein shown as including a bushing bearing 13 having an annular convex inner surface which permits gyration of the inner member 6 relative to the bushing. The bushing 13 is supported in a hub 14 in any conventional manner such as by a press lit in a bore provided in the hub. The hub 14 is in turn supported to the crusher shell by means of the spider arms 12.

A thrust member 16 is rigidly connected to the upper end of the hub 14 in any conventional manner such as by cap screws 17. This thrust member 16 combines with the hub 14 to define a chamber 18 about the upper end of the main shaft 9. Fluid 19 contained within the chamber 18 is restricted from liowing between the main shaft 9 and the fulcrum bushing 13 by means of a conventional shaft seal 21.

A bore 22 is provided in the upper end of the main shaft 9. Within this bore is reciprocably positioned a piston 23 which may be provided with a piston rod 24 supported in a socket 26 provided in the inner surface of the thrust member 16. A compression spring 27 is provided between the lowermost end of the shaft bore 22 and the piston 23 so as to insure contact between the piston 23, piston rod 24 and socket 26. A series of circumferentially spaced axially directed grooves 28 may be provided in the peripheral surface of the piston 23. These grooves combine with the internal peripheral surface of the bore 22 to define restricted liuid passageways for the iiuid 19 in the chamber 18 to seep into the portion 29 of the bore beneath the piston 23.

When the crusher is operating in the normal manner, liuid has lled the portion 29 of the bore beneath the piston in which the spring 27 is located. In the event that any large upward force is suddenly exerted on the head 6, the main shaft 9 together with the head 6 attempt to move upward relative to the piston 23. Due to this force being generated in a fraction of a second (such as in an explosion), the amount of compression of the fluid being negligible the head 6 and main shaft 9 are prevented from jumping. The time for this cycle is too short for the iiuid to pass in the piston grooves 28 thus preventing upward movement of main shaft 9.

The purpose of the grooves 28 in the piston is to permit raising and lowering the crushing head for setting the crusher discharge opening. The raising and lowering operation of the main shaft is normally done quite slowly thus the iiuid below the piston 23 passes through grooves 2S without restriction.

Although only one embodiment of the subject invention has been herein shown and described, other modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art after this description has been read, and it is intended that all such embodiments as come within a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims be covered.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. In a gyratory crusher including longitudinally extending inner and outer crushing members, means for resisting sudden relative longitudinal movement therebetween comprising: walls defining a first fluid chamber in one of said members; walls defining a second fiuid chamber in the other of said members, one of said walls being complementary to both of said chambers and being movable to incease and decrease the volume of one of said chambers upon relative longitudinal movement between said members; and a restricted fluid passage connecting said first and second chambers to resist sudden changes of fluid volume on said one of said chambers to resist sudden relative longitudinal movement between said members.

2. In a gyratory crusher including longitudinally extending inner and outer crushing members, means for resisting sudden relative longitudinal movement therebetween comprising: walls defining a bore in one of said members; a piston contained within said bore and dividing same into two iiuid containing chambers; means holding said piston against movement relative to the other of said members; and a restricted fluid passage for resisting the sudden iiow of uid from one chamber to the other to resist sudden relative longitudinal movement between said members.

3. In a gyratory crusher including longitudinally extending inner and outer crushing members, means for resisting sudden relative longitudinal movement therebetween comprising: walls defining a longitudinally extending bore in said inner member; a piston contained within said bore and dividing same into two liuid containing chambers; means holding said piston against movement relative to said outer member; and a restricted iluid passage for metering the flow of fluid from one chamber to the other to resist sudden relative longitudinal movement between said members.

4. In a gyratory Crusher including longitudinally extending inner and outer crushing members, means for resisting sudden relative longitudinal movement therebetween comprising: a shaft supported for gyratory movement in said outer member, said inner member rigidly connected to said shaft for movement therewith; a luid containing chamber defined by said outer member above the upper end of said shaft; a longitudinally extending bore in said shaft open to said chamber; a piston in said bore providing a uid seal between said chamber and the UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,667,309 1/54 Becker 241-231 2,799,456 7/57 Behr 241--231 2,820,596 1/58 Broman 241-211 X 3,057,563 10/62 Behr 241-211 X ANDREW R. JUHASZ, Primary Examiner. 

1. IN A GYRATORY CRUSHER INCLUDING LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING INNER AND OUTER CRUSHING MEMBERS, MEANS FOR RESISTING SUDDEN RELATIVE LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENT THEREBETWEEN COMPRISING: WALLS DEFINING A FIRST FLUID CHAMBER IN ONE OF SAID MEMBERS; WALLS DEFINING A SECOND FLUID CHAMBER IN THE OTHER OF SAID MEMBERS, ONE OF SAID WALLS BEING COMPLEMENTARY TO BOTH OF SAID CHAMBERS AND BEING MOVABLE TO INCREASE AND DECREASE THE VOLUME OF ONE OF SAID CHAMBERS UPON RELATIVE LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENT BETWEEN SAID MEMBERS; AND A RESTRICTED FLUID PASSAGE CONNECTING SAID FIRST AND SECOND CHAMBERS TO RESIST SUDDEN CHANGES OF 